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ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

1) American Federation of Teachers. Child Labor: A Selection of Materials on Children in the Workplace. AFT: Washington DC 1998.

A compilation of child labor articles this book makes for a great reader on the issue of child labor. Ideally suited for the classroom and for those unfamiliar with the topic, the articles run the gamut of child labor issues. Highly recommended for high school teachers.

2) Bequele, Assefa; Jo Boyden Eds. Combating Child Labour. International Labour Organization: Geneva 1988. ISBN 92-2-106389-5

A general discussion of the issues surrounding child labour, and an analysis of the policies and programmes which are being implemented, is given in Chapter 1. The rest of the book is divided into two parts. The case studies in Part 1 draw on surveys of specific industries or occupations, indicating the main characteristics of the workforce, employment relations, and the conditions under which children work and the tasks they undertake. Part II consists of a series of country reports on policies and programmes. Each report in this section outlines the legislative and institutional framework for developing and enacting policy, identifies the priorities in state provision, assesses the achievements and problems implementation and describes micro-level programmes aimed at the reduction in the incidence of child labour and the protection or working children.

3) Assefa Bequele, Jo Boyden Boyden, Jo, Birgitta Ling, Bill Meyers. What Works for Working Children. Radda Barnen UNICEF: Sweden 1998. ISBN 91-88726-13-4

This book offers a new way of thinking about children's work-from a child development perspective. Based on new ideas from the social sciences and new research findings, it presents an issue-oriented overview from recent literature and experience on how to approach critical concerns in children's work. New material is included from a Radda Barnen survey on how working children perceive their work within the larger context of their lives. This book provides an exhaustive overview of child labor while taking an interesting approach to the issue from a child -development perspective. Somewhat academic in nature this book is highly recommended reading for those looking for a new perspective on the complex issue of child labor.

4) Boyden, Jo, William Myers. "Child Labour: Promoting the Best Interests of Working Children." International Save the Children Alliance: London 1998. ISBN 2-940217-06-8

This paper focuses on the relationship between children's work and their development. Whilst some forms of work may be hazardous to children's health and wellbeing, others may actually enhance their development. The authors argue that the impact of work on children's development should be the key measure for assessing whether or not it is appropriate for children, and children themselves can play an important role in helping make such assessments. The paper suggest a number of different measures which can be employed to ensure that children are protected from harmful work and enabled to benefit from safe work. Highly recommended reading for researchers, scholars, students interested in a different perspective on child labor.

5) "Child Labor: Targeting the Intolerable." International Labour Organization: Geneva 1996. ISBN 92-2-110328-5

This report surveys international and national law and practice. The report is loaded with statistics gathered by the ILO and proposes that the way to effective action is through new international labor standards. The report discusses bonded labor, child prostitution, and the exposure of children to dangerous chemicals, machinery and other hazards. Recommended reading for those working to bring a halt to the above mentioned abusive working conditions.

6) Freedman, Russell. Kids at Work: Lewis Hine & the Crusade Against Child Labor. Calvin Books: New York, NY 1994. ISBN 0395797268

The School Library Journal describes the book as, "a social history, an art book, and a biography rolled into one, Freeman's [author] lucid text examines child labor in the U.S. fields at the start of the 20th century and describes Hine's [photographer] at reform." Text combined with the beautiful black and white images of noted America photographer Lewis Hines, this book provides a glimpse into a dark period of American history. Today with many of the images of child workers being those of the third world, this book serves as a sober reminder that America too has a history of child labor.

7) Freeman, Michael Ed. Children's Rights: A Comparative Perspective. Dartmouth Publishing Company Limited: Brookfield, VT 1996. ISBN 1-85521-683-3

This book is a compilation of essays (written by lawyers) from a broad range of countries on children's rights and how those countries' laws and practices comply or fail to comply with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.

8) Freud, Anna, J. Goldstein, A. Solnit. Beyond the Best Interests of the Child. The FreePress-A Division of Simon and Schuster: NY 1973. ISBN 0-02-912360-7

9) Fromklin, Bob Ed. The Handbook of Children's Rights. Routtledge: New York, NY 1995. ISBN 0-415-11060-2

This book is a comprehensive appraisal of recent developments in children's rights in British and international settings. It brings together contributions from academics, social welfare practitioners, educationalists, child psychologists and politicians. The book has four main objectives: 1. To explore the various strands to the debate concerning children's rights and review developments in rights provisions across the 1980s and 1990s 2. To evaluate the impact of recent British legislation on children's rights in key areas such as education, social services, criminal justice and UN Convention on the rights of the Child 3. To examine recent policy proposals and initiates in the British setting intended to secure rights for children and young people 4. To offer a comparative perspective on children's rights by examining issues and developments in a number of countries including America, Scandinavia, Australia, and Britain. This book is geared to academics and people conducting research- especially in relation to British policies.

10) Fyfe, Alec. Child Labour: A Guide to Project Design. International Labour Organization: Geneva 1993. ISBN 92-2-105639-2

This small book gives a quick overview of the child labor issue then discusses strategies that can be used to alleviate child labor abuses. Policies, programs, and projects are three strategies offered by the book. Additionally the key elements of each of these approaches are reviewed in a direct fashion. The book offers, in a very pragmatic way, methods for gathering information on this complex issue and methodologies for utilizing that information. Recommended for professionals working in the field or for those interested in understanding learning about solutions via policy, programs, and projects.

11) Gay, Kathlyn. Child Labor: A Global Crisis. The Millbrook Press: Brookfield, CT 1998. ISBN 0761303685

This book provides an general overview of the issue. Although this book does not go into great depth concerning this complex issue, it is a good introduction to the topic of child labor.

Gershman, John, Jim Yong Kim, Joyce V. Millen, Alec Irwin Eds. Dying for Growth: Global Inequality and the Health of the Poor. Common Courage Press: Monroe, Maine 2000. ISBN 1-56751-160-0

Noam Chomsky says, "Viewing the contemporary world from the perspective of health outcomes, this penetrating and often harrowing inquiry provides a wealth of valuable insights and analyses, woven together with in-depth studies that are poignant, vivid, and highly informative. It is a challenge to complacency, a thoughtful and compelling call to action." Filled with statistics, surveys, and studies this book is concerned with politics, economics, health and globalization. There is a direct link between poverty and child labor making this book relevant for this interested in advocating for child laborers. Recommended reading for professionals in the field who are looking for an in depth understanding between the linkages of poverty, economics and globalization especially in relation to health. The learnings from this book have clear and direct linkages to the issue of child labor.

12) Gourley, Catherine. Good Girl Work: Factories, Sweatshops & How Women Changed Their Role In the American Workforce. The Millbrook Press Inc. Brookfield, CT 1999. ISBN 0761309519

This book offers a historical perspective on the role that women played in the United States labor movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. At 96 pages with plenty of engaging photos and drawings this book is well suited for the young activist to be. It is a good introduction, for the adult reader, on the historical impact women had on the American labor movement.

13) Green, Duncan. Hidden Lives-Voices of Children in Latin America and the Caribbean. Cassel: London 1998. ISBN 0-304-33688-2

To research this book the author interviewed hundreds of children in Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua and Peru, as well as teachers, welfare workers and other adults involved in their lives. Building on the concept of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, this book explores the lives of children through their own eyes and voices. It argues that child participation is both a right and a necessity if child-centered social programs are to succeed; more broadly, harnessing the energy of children could help the region tackle pressing environmental and social problems. Powerful sometimes-graphic black and white photos complement the book's text. Recommended reading for high school students, college students, and policy makers. Interesting approach in that the book strives to put the voices of the children at the forefront of the discussion on child labor.

14) Grootaert, Christiaan; Harry Anthony Patrinos Ed. The Policy Analysis of Child Labor: A Comparative Study. St. Martin's Press: New York, NY 1999. ISBN 0312221223

"This book combines methodological rigor and policy pragmatism to address the issue of child labor in developing countries. Building on household survey-based analysis in Cote d'Ivoire, Colombia, Bolivia and the Philippines, it draws valuable lessons for policy makers." Ravi Kanbur, Cornell University. The book goes on to recommend policy changes based on the Recommended reading for those interested in getting an empirical economic based take on the issue of child labor findings from the surveys. "This policy would begin by increasing legal and social protection for working children and adding school time to child work routines. In the second phase, when parents' income constraints have been lessened, the policy would shift the work-school combination toward schooling only. The policy calls for joint provision of support to home enterprises and enrollment incentives-especially for girls. Recommended reading for those interested in getting an empirical economic based viewpoint on the issue of child labor.

15) Harper, Caroline, Rachel Marcus. "Small Hands: Children in the Working World" - working paper number 16. Save the Children: London 1997.

This paper is designed to help development policy analysts and practitioners analyze the causes of child work and develop strategies for action. The paper examines the complex and varied causes of child work, including structural inequality, the effects of adjustment programs, the globalization of market economies and local social, cultural and political factors. It analyzes the ingredients of successful and less successful interventions, which aim to address these causes, and to improve children's working conditions. The paper targets development practitioners, researchers, and policy makers throughout the world.

16) Human Rights Watch. "The Small Hands of Slavery: Bonded Labor in India". Human Rights Watch: New York, NY 1996. ISBN 1-56432-172-X

Based on interviews with over one hundred children during a two-month investigation in India, this report details their plight in the silk, beedi (hand- rolled cigarettes), synthetic gems, silver, leather, agricultural, and carpet industries. In this report, Human rights Watch calls on the government of India to end bonded child labor by establishing independent bodies to inspect work sites and identify bonded child laborers, prosecuting and suspending licenses for employees using bonded child labor, and implementing a comprehensive rehabilitation program to ensure that bonded child laborers are sent to school. This book is recommended for those interested in India specific information on bonded child labor.

17) Keilburger, Craig, Kevin Major. Free the Children: A Young Man Fights Against Child Labor and Proves that Children Can Change the World. Harper Perennial: New York, NY 1998. ISBN 0060930659

Here is the story of a child's transformation from a middle-class kid to an activist fighting against child labor. The book reads almost like an adventure story as Craig Kielburger travels to various countries around the world in an effort to end child labor. There are also black and white photos of the trip included in the book. While an enjoyable and inspirational story for all, this book will especially resonate with adolescent audiences.

18) Kuklin, Susan. Iqbal Masih and the Crusaders Against Child Slavery. Henry Holt and Company, LLC: New York, NY 1998. ISBN 0805054596

The book is geared toward adolescent readers and relates the compelling and tragic story of Iqbal Masih, a young child labor activist who was killed at the age of twelve. The book also contains many photographs of Iqbal and various other children who are being exploited. The book provides some basic information about the larger issue of child labor around the globe as well as focusing on various strategies utilized to combat child labor. A wonderful book to get young people involved in this issue as the readers can easily relate to the story of Iqbal while finding inspiration in his short life.

19) Lavalette, Michael, Sandy Hobbs, Jim McKechnie. Child Labor: A World History Companion. ABC-CLIO, Inc. Denver, CO 1999. ISBN 0874369568

The alphabetical entries offer up-to-date information on such subjects as the effects of work on children's education, the economic forces driving the exploitation of minors, campaigns and legislation against child employment, how the nineteenth century English Factory Act was often circumvented, and more. The entries are also referenced by category, and there are many citations of contemporary books and studies on child labor making for an easy-to-use reference guide.

20) Parker, David L, Lee Engfer, Robert Conrow. "Stolen Dreams: Portraits of Working Children". Lerner Publications Company: Minneapolis, MN 1998. ISBN 0822529602

Winner of the Christopher Award for works which affirm the highest values of the human spirit, this compelling photo-essay vividly exposes the world of working children. There is a brief overview of the current worldwide state of affairs regarding child labors as well as personal stories of child laborers. The black and white images, however, are the most powerful aspect of this book making it an excellent resource for the classroom.

21) Save the Children. Street and Working Children: A Guide to Planning: Development Manual 4. Mary Dachelor House: London 1994. ISBN 1-870322-82-7

This book is a guide for those who want to start or improve a project with working children. It includes: · Understanding street and working children · How to access available information · How to conduct your own research · Information on different types of projects · How to manage human resources · Dealing with problems Written in an accessible and practical style, this book is recommended for professionals working in the field or for those interested in project design and implementation.

22) Swift, Anthony. "Working Children Get Organized: An introduction to working children's organizations". International Save the Children Alliance: Geneva, Switzerland 1999. ISBN 2-940217-07-6

This report examines historical, philosophical and political orientations and activities of five organizations and movements in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, focusing on their local and national work. This report will make useful reading for anyone concerned with child labor issues or those interested in developing participatory ways of working with children and young people.

23) The New Internationalist. Child Labor. No. 292/July 1997 http://www.newint.org/

The New Internationalist is a wonderful resource. The issue dedicated to child labor provides the reader with charts, statistics, personal stories compiled in an accessible and engaging fashion. The personal stories are extremely moving and cover a host of children from different countries working in different industries. There is also information about children who are demanding the right to work along with their personal drawings and poems related to the issue. Highly recommended reading to all readers who are interested in advocating for child labors. Provides a broad perspective on this issue in an engaging fashion-very helpful in breaking down the complexities of this issue.

24) U.S. Department of Labor: Bureau of International Labor Affairs. "Forced Labor: The Prostitution of Children". Symposium Proceedings. Department of Labor: Washington D.C 1996

This report gives an overview of child prostitution in Asia, Latin America, and in the United States. It also gives various types of responses to child prostitution and has a list of appendices outlining international legislation surrounding this issue. This report can be obtained by contacting US Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs, Ave, NW, Washington DC 20210. Telephone (202) 208-4843 Or the report may be obtained online at http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/library/e_archive/ChildLabor/.

25) U.S. Department of Labor-Bureau of International Labor Affairs. "By the Sweat and Toil of Children". DOL: Washington DC 1994.

Volume 1: The Use of Child Labor in the U.S. Manufactured and Mined Imports (1994) This report provides a country by country profile (19 countries are included) of the goods that are imported into the U.S.

Volume II: The Use of Child Labor in U.S. Agricultural Imports & Forced and Bonded Child Labor (1995) Provides regional breakdowns of the agricultural industry. Also provides overview of bonded labor and the international laws that apply to this issue.

Volume IV: Consumers and Child Labor (1997) Provides the reader with an overview of child labor labeling programs as well as an industry breakdown of various labeling programs.

Volume V: Efforts to Eliminate Child Labor (1998) This volume provides the reader with an assessment of the problem, legislation and enforcement efforts, access to primary education, and targeted initiatives to end child labor.

26) The Apparel Industry and Codes of Conduct: A Solution to the International Child Labor Problem? (1996)

This book provides an overview of the apparel industry as it relates to child labor, with a discussion of development, introduction, and implementation of codes of conduct in the apparel industry.

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